Computer
You must have used, or seen, or read about Computer. This is because they form an important part of our daily life. Whether it is schools, banks, shops, railway stations, hospitals, or even your house, it surround us everywhere, easing out work for us and making it faster. As they are such vital parts of our lives, we must understand what they are and how they operate.
Firstly, define the term generally. It is a programmable electronic device to store, retrieve, and process information. They use to write letters, send e-mails, play games, surf the net, create presentations, invitations for events, and listen to music or watch videos. Basic device have four functions that are input, storage, processing, and output.
IPO is sometimes called IPOS, input, process, output, and storage. It receives the input, it does the input based on individual instructions, and it gives an output that can be stored in a desired format. It is precisely defined as a device which can calculate. Modern do much more than that.
Computer Electronic machine
A computer is an electronic machine that takes input, either stores or performs any operations on input based on individual instructions, and gives output in the form as required. It input is referred to as data and the result after processing it, as instructed by the individual, is called information.
Raw facts and figures which can be processed by performing arithmetic and logical operations to obtain info are referred to as data. The operations that are executable on the data are of two types Arithmetic operations include computations such as addition, subtraction, differentials, square root, etc. Logical operations include comparison operations like greater than, less than, equal to, opposite, etc. The above sketch for a real resembles something like the following.
basic computer
- Input unit
Appliances such as keyboards and mouse that offer information and instructions to the computer are known as input units. - Output Unit
Computing devices such as printers and visual display units, where the information is provided to the people in a required format, is known as output units. - Control Unit
As the name states all functions of the computer are governed by this unit. All appliances or parts of it communicate with the control unit. - Arithmetic Logic Unit
This is the brain of it wherein all arithmetic operations and logical operations take place occur.
Computer Memory
All input Computer data, instructions and information interim to the procedure are stored in the memory. Memory is of two types – primary memory and secondary memory. Primary memory resides within the CPU whereas secondary memory is outermost to it. The central processing unit, memory, and arithmetic logic unit together are known as the CPU.
The hardware integrant of a computer consist of the devices like keyboards, mouse, printers, etc. which we could easily see and touch. We cannot see or touch it either; however, the set of instructions or programs in which these hardware parts enable the work is called software. Hardware and software are equally needed to be completely functional.
Boot A process to start or an equipment having the inside it is referred as booting. Booting processes occurs in two phases −Load the operating system into the computer’s main memory .Keep all applications in the ready state in case they are required by the users.
Characteristics of Computer
To understand why computer are a significant part of our lives, let’s consider some of the characteristics of a computer.
- Speed
It traditionally can execute 3-4 million commands in a second. - Accuracy
Accuracy Computers have the maximum level of accuracy. Errors are primarily done because of wrong data, wrong instructions, or bugs in chips-all are human mistakes. - Reliability
Computers can perform the same kind of work well without an error repeatedly because they do not get tired and feel bored, which are two very common mistakes of humans. - Versatility
They can perform a wide work ranging from inputting data and ticket booking to complex mathematical calculations and continued astronomical observations. Provided you feed in the necessary data with correct instructions, the computer will do the rest of the processing.
- Storage Capacity
It can store an extremely wide range of data at a fraction of the cost of traditional storage of files. Additionally, data is safe from normal wear and tear connected with paper.
Computer benefits
Now that we know the characteristics of computer, we can see the benefits that offer can do similar chores repetitively with the same accuracy. It are not drained or bored. It can take up routine tasks while releasing human resources for more intelligent functions.
Some disadvantages of using a computer are as follows, Though computers have ushered in many benefits, they also have a few disadvantages of their own − It have no brain they follow instructions blindly without giving much thought to the consequence. A constant supply of electricity has to be provided to operate it, which may raise a problem everywhere, especially for developing countries.
BIOS or Basic Input Output System refers to the first program or set of commands that run when it is switched on. This software can be referred to as BIOS, a firmware; meaning, it is a piece of software permanently programmed into hardware. If a system is running and needs to be restarted, this is termed rebooting. This can be done if software or hardware has been installed, or the system is too slow.
booting types
Cold Booting computer
Which is when the system starts by turning the power supply ON. The second tramp of cold booting is BIOS loading.
Warm Booting
This is referred to as warm booting when the system is working and requires restarting or rebooting. Warm booting is also faster than cold booting since reloading of the BIOS is required.
Computer have revolutionized the way society functions and completes their work. Numerous examples are found in the use of education, business, and hospitals. Jobs, such as simple, routine tasks, would be impossible if performed without it.